Classification of DC Brushless Motors

There are two general definitions of brushless DC motors at home and abroad: one definition is that only trapezoidal wave/square wave brushless DC motors can be called brushless DC motors, while sine wave brushless motors are called permanent magnet synchronization. Another definition of motor is that trapezoidal/square wave brushless motors and sine wave brushless motors are brushless DC motors.

Classification of DC brushless motors:

1. Brushless DC motor Under normal circumstances, the rotor magnetic pole adopts tile-type magnetic steel. Through the magnetic circuit design, the air gap magnetic density of trapezoidal wave can be obtained. The stator winding adopts concentrated whole-space winding, so the induced back electromotive force is also trapezoidal. When controlling, the phase currents are also controlled as square waves as much as possible, and the inverter output voltage can be controlled according to the brushed DC motor PWM method.

Classification of DC brushless motors

1. The permanent magnet synchronous motor ensures that the induced electromotive force waveform is sinusoidal in the magnetic circuit structure and winding distribution, and the applied stator voltage and current should also be sinusoidal waves, which are generally provided by an AC voltage converter.

The difference between the two can be considered as the design concept caused by square wave and sine wave control. Trapezoidal control is the simplest, most energy-efficient control method, applied to home appliances, low cost.

In the case of low speed operation of the motor, simple sine wave commutation can make the motor rotate smoothly, but at high speed, the efficiency is not high. Used in elevators with FOC (Field Oriented) control, which can increase the efficiency of the motor to 95%, reduce power consumption and noise, and provide excellent torque dynamic performance, which makes the inverter more efficient and requires the power level. Smaller, the motor required to provide the same torque is smaller and used in robots and CNC machines.

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